:
E.-Women and armed conflict
131. An environment that maintains world peace and promotes and protects
human rights, democracy and the peaceful settlement of disputes, in accordance
with the principles of non-threat or use of force against territorial integrity or
political independence and of respect for sovereignty as set forth in the Charter of
the United Nations, is an important factor for the advancement of women. Peace
is inextricably linked with equality between women and men and development.
Armed and other types of conflicts and terrorism and hostage-taking still persist in
many parts of the world. Aggression, foreign occupation, ethnic and other types
of conflicts are an ongoing reality affecting women and men in nearly every
region. Gross and systematic violations and situations that constitute serious
obstacles to the full enjoyment of human rights continue to occur in different parts
of the world. Such violations and obstacles include, as well as torture and cruel,
inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, summary and arbitrary
executions, disappearances, arbitrary detentions, all forms of racism and racial
discrimination, foreign occupation and alien domination, xenophobia, poverty,
hunger and other denials of economic, social and cultural rights, religious
intolerance, terrorism, discrimination against women and lack of the rule of law.
International humanitarian law, prohibiting attacks on civilian populations, as
such, is at times systematically ignored and human rights are often violated in
connection with situations of armed conflict, affecting the civilian population,
especially women, children, the elderly and the disabled.
Violations of the human rights of women in situations of armed conflict are
violations of the fundamental principles of international human rights and
humanitarian law. Massive violations of human rights, especially in the form of
genocide, ethnic cleansing as a strategy of war and its consequences, and rape,
including systematic rape of women in war situations, creating a mass exodus of
refugees and displaced persons, are abhorrent practices that are
strongly condemned and must be stopped immediately, while perpetrators of
such crimes must be punished. Some of these situations of armed conflict have
their origin in the conquest or colonialization of a country by another State and
Human rights in international law: legal and policy issues, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 345.
54.-Fourth World Conference on Women, Action for Equality, Development and Peace, Beijing Declaration
and Platform for Action, UN Doc. A/Conf.177/20 (1995), en
gopher://gopher.undp.org:70/00/unconfs/women/off/a--20.